Powerful microprocessors capable of delivering the computational power necessary to train cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) systems are inherently a “dual-use” technology–that is, useful for both civilian and military applications. The United States and like-minded countries have imposed export controls to prevent their proliferation to adversarial actors. However, malicious actors continue to exploit existing loopholes and circumvent these controls, posing threats to U.S. national security and competitiveness.

In answer to this challenge, the Institute for Security and Technology (IST), with support from Open Philanthropy, is launching an effort to investigate the root causes of compliance failure and develop a comprehensive framework for an enhanced multi-agency AI chip export controls enforcement program within the U.S. national security apparatus and in collaboration with the relevant international partners.